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Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria

Received: 7 August 2016     Accepted: 12 September 2016     Published: 14 October 2016
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Abstract

This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.

Published in International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
Page(s) 76-81
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Ecological Risks, Qua Iboe River Estuary, Sediments

References
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[3] M. Sinae and A. Maschinchian. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the coastal sea water, the surface sediment and mudskipper (boleophthalmusdussumieri) from coastal areas of Persian Gulf: Source investigation, composition pattern and spatial distribution. J. Environ. Health Sci. and Engr., vol. 12 pp 59-64, 2014.
[4] L. Traven. Sources, trend and ecotoxicological risk of PAH pollution in surface sediments from the northern Adriatic Sea (Croatia). Mar. Poll. Bull, vol. 77 pp 445-450, 2013.
[5] USEPA.Framework for ecological risk assessment EPA/ 630/ R.92/ 001. Risk assessment forum, USEPA, Washington D. C., 1992.
[6] K. A. Ibe, J. O. Offem, U. J.Ibok, T. U.Nganje and E. R.Akpan. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon flux in Qua Iboe River system, Eastern Nigeria.African J. Environ. Poll. Health, vol. 4(4) pp 44-51, 2005.
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[12] The Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality Document (ANZECC), 2000. http://www.mfe.govt.nz/fresh-water/tools-and-guidelines/anzecc-2000-guidelines. Accessed on: 15th March, 2015.
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[15] M. A. Shreadah, T. O. Said, M. I. Monem, E. I. Fathallah, and M. Mahmoud. PAHs in sediment along the semi-enclosed areas of Alexandria, Egypt. J. Environ. Protect., vol. 2 pp 700-709, 2011.
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    Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. (2016). Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology, 1(3), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

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    ACS Style

    Eno Anietie Moses; Bassey Annie Etuk; Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol. 2016, 1(3), 76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

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    AMA Style

    Eno Anietie Moses, Bassey Annie Etuk, Essien Daniel Udosen. Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria. Int J Ecotoxicol Ecobiol. 2016;1(3):76-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13,
      author = {Eno Anietie Moses and Bassey Annie Etuk and Essien Daniel Udosen},
      title = {Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {76-81},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijee.20160103.13},
      abstract = {This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Qua Iboe River Estuary, South-South, Nigeria
    AU  - Eno Anietie Moses
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    JF  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
    JO  - International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Ecobiology
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1735
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijee.20160103.13
    AB  - This study sought to assess ecological risk of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected from Qua Iboe River Estuary (QIRE).Sediment samples were collected from five stations and a control station along the estuary in the dry and wet seasons. PAHs in sediments were measured using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector (GC/FID), and ecological risk on benthic organisms exposed to PAHs in sediment were evaluated using threshold effect concentration hazard quotient (TEC-HQ) and mean effect range median quotient (m –ERM-q) method prescribed by USEPA. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) in the dry season ranged from1.225E-03 to 1.328E-01 whereas during the wet season it ranged from 2.420E-03 to 7.690E-02. The were no significant differences (P<0.05) between the PAH levels for the wet and dry seasons.The results for the TEC-HQ and m –ERM-q values of HMW-PAHs for both seasons were less than the threshold values of 1 and 0.1, respectively. Hence, exposure to PAHs in sediments from QIRE may not pose any adverse biological effect on benthic organisms. However, regular monitoring of the level of HMW-PAHs in the sediment within QIRE is advocated to avoid bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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